(A) Jupiter Explanation: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. It is more than 11 times the diameter of Earth and has a mass more than 300 times that of Earth.

(B) Mercury Explanation: Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system, with a diameter of about 4,880 km. Although Pluto was once considered the smallest planet, it was reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006.

(C) Pluto Explanation: Pluto is classified as a "dwarf planet" in our solar system. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) redefined the definition of a planet, and Pluto did not meet the criteria, leading to its reclassification.

(A) Venus Explanation: Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system, with an average surface temperature of 864 degrees Fahrenheit (462 degrees Celsius). It has an extremely dense atmosphere that traps heat, creating a runaway greenhouse effect, making it hotter than Mercury despite being farther from the Sun.

(C) Mercury Explanation: Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, with an average distance of about 57.9 million kilo meters (36 million miles).

(D) Uranus Explanation: Uranus is the coldest planet in our solar system, with an average surface temperature of -374 degrees Fahrenheit (-224 degrees Celsius). The reason for the lesser temperature than the farthest planet Neptune is still unknown.

(A) Venus Explanation: Venus is the brightest planet in our solar system. It can be seen from Earth, shining brightly just before sunrise and just after sunset.

(C) Earth Explanation: Earth has the highest density among the planets in our solar system. Its high density is due to its rocky composition and a relatively large iron-nickel core.

(D) Mercury Explanation: Mercury has the shortest day in our solar system. It takes about 59 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis.

(B) Venus Explanation: Venus has the longest day of any planet in the solar system, taking about 243 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis, which is longer than its year (225 Earth days).

(C) Mars Explanation: Mars is referred to as the "Red Planet" due to its reddish appearance. The iron oxide (rust) present on its surface gives it a distinctive reddish colour.

(C) Earth Explanation: Earth is known as the "blue planet" because approximately 71% of its surface is covered by water, giving it a distinctive blue appearance when viewed from space. This is primarily due to the reflection and scattering of sunlight by Earth's oceans.

(B) Jupiter Explanation: Jupiter is known for its prominent Great Red Spot, which is a gigantic storm that has been observed for centuries. It is a persistent anticyclonic storm larger than Earth.

(D) Saturn Explanation: Saturn is known for its beautiful and prominent ring system, which is made up of countless particles of ice and dust. It is one of the most iconic features of Saturn.

(C) Uranus Explanation: Uranus is known for its prominent and colourful polar auroras. These auroras are caused by the interaction of charged particles with Uranus's magnetic field.

(C) Hydrogen Explanation: The Sun is primarily composed of hydrogen (about 75%), which undergoes nuclear fusion to form helium and release energy, powering the Sun.

(B) Nitrogen Explanation: Nitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant gas. Oxygen is the second most abundant, comprising about 21%.

(D) Hydrogen and helium Explanation: Jupiter's atmosphere is primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, similar to the Sun. These gases make up about 99% of its atmosphere.

(B) Venus Explanation: Venus is often referred to as Earth's "twin" because it is similar in size, mass, and composition. However, Venus has a much thicker atmosphere and extreme surface temperatures.

(C) Venus Explanation: Venus is often called both the "morning star" and the "evening star" because it is the brightest object in the sky after the Sun and Moon and can be seen shining brightly just before sunrise and just after sunset, depending on its position in its orbit around the Sun.

(C) Mercury Explanation: Mercury experiences extreme temperature variations, with daytime temperatures reaching up to 800°F (430°C) and nighttime temperatures plummeting to -290°F (-180°C), due to its lack of atmosphere.

(B) Venus Explanation: Venus's atmosphere is primarily composed of carbon dioxide (about 96.5%), with clouds of sulfuric acid, making it extremely dense and hot.

(C) Venus Explanation: Venus has a day (one full rotation on its axis) that is longer than its year (one orbit around the Sun). A day on Venus lasts about 243 Earth days, while its year is about 225 Earth days.

(B) Venus Explanation: Venus exhibits different phases of illumination, from full disk to partial crescent just like the moon.

(B) Saturn Explanation: Saturn is known for its prominent and colourful bands of clouds. It has the most complex and extensive ring system in the solar system, consisting of seven main rings composed of ice particles, rock debris, and dust. These bands give Saturn its distinct appearance.

(C) Water ice Explanation: The rings of Saturn are primarily composed of water ice, with particles ranging in size from tiny grains to large boulders.

(B) Uranus Explanation: Uranus has a ring system that is less prominent than Saturn's but still significant. The rings of Uranus were discovered in 1977.

(A) Venus Explanation: Venus has the highest atmospheric pressure among the planets in our solar system. Its thick atmosphere exerts immense pressure on the planet's surface.

(C) Neptune Explanation: Neptune has the fastest winds in the solar system, with wind speeds reaching up to 1,200 miles per hour (1,930 kilo meters per hour).

(A) Mars Explanation: Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system called Olympus Mons. It is about 13.6 miles (22 kilometers) high, making it the tallest volcano and three times the height of Mount Everest.

(A) Jupiter Explanation: Io, the most volcanically active moon in our solar system, is one of Jupiter's moons. It has more than 400 active volcanoes due to tidal forces from Jupiter's gravity.

(C) Mars Explanation: Olympus Mons on Mars is the tallest known mountain in the solar system, standing about 22 km (13.6 miles) high, nearly three times the height of Mount Everest.

(B) Mars Explanation: Mars is home to Valles Marineris, the largest canyon in the solar system. It is about 4,000 km long, 200 km wide, and up to 7 km deep.

(D) Jupiter Explanation: Jupiter is the heaviest planet in our solar system, having a mass more than 300 times that of Earth.

(D) Neptune Explanation: Bode's empirical relationship for predicting approximate distances of the planets from the Sun does not holds for the planet Neptune.

(D) Jupiter Explanation: The terrestrial planets are the planets that resemble the Earth in size and composition. Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are known as terrestrial planets.

(C) Saturn Explanation: The great or jovian planets are much larger than the size of Earth and are largely gaseous in composition. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are known as jovian planets.

(B) Venus Explanation: Most of the planets, including our Earth, rotate about their own axis in the same sense as their orbital motion around the Sun. This type of motion is termed as prograde. Only Venus and Uranus rotate in the opposite, retrograde sense.

(B) Mercury Explanation: Mercury and Venus are the only two planets in the solar system that do not have any moon.

(D) Ganymede Explanation: Ganymede is the largest moon in our solar system. It is one of Jupiter's moons and is even larger than the planet Mercury.

Solar System Facts | 50+ Important MCQ On Our Solar System

41. What is the name of the largest moon of Saturn?

(A) Europa
(B) Ganymede
(C) Titan
(D) Triton

(C) Titan
Explanation: Titan is the largest moon of Saturn and the second-largest moon in the solar system, larger even than the planet Mercury. It has a thick atmosphere primarily composed of nitrogen.

42. What is the largest asteroid in our solar system?

(A) Ceres
(B) Vesta
(C) Pallas
(D) Eros

(A) Ceres
Explanation: Ceres is the largest asteroid in our solar system. It is located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter and is classified as a dwarf planet.

43. Which dwarf planet is located in the asteroid belt?

(A) Pluto
(B) Ceres
(C) Eris
(D) Haumea

(B) Ceres
Explanation: Ceres is the largest object in the asteroid belt and is classified as a dwarf planet. It is the only dwarf planet located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

44. Which among of these is not a Galilean moons?

(A) Titan
(B) Io
(C) Ganymede
(D) Europa

(A) Titan
Explanation: The four largest moons of Jupiter—Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto are known as the Galilean moons as they were discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610 and are some of the largest moons in the solar system.

45. What is the approximate age of the solar system?

(A) 2.5 billion years
(B) 4.6 billion years
(C) 10 billion years
(D) 13.8 billion years

(B) 4.6 billion years
Explanation: The solar system is approximately 4.6 billion years old, formed from the gravitational collapse of a region within a large molecular cloud.

46. What is the average distance from the Earth to the Sun?

(A) 93 million miles
(B) 150 million miles
(C) 10 million miles
(D) 200 million miles

(A) 93 million miles
Explanation: The average distance from the Earth to the Sun is about 93 million miles (150 million kilo meters), also known as 1 Astronomical Unit (AU).

47. In which direction do planets revolve around the sun when viewed above the plane of Earth’s orbit?

(A) Clockwise
(B) Counterclockwise
(C) Some revolves clockwise and some anticlockwise
(D) Planets don’t revolve

(B) Counterclockwise
Explanation: All planets revolve around the Sun in a counterclockwise direction when viewed above the plane of Earth’s orbit which is also known as the ecliptic plane.

48. What is the ecliptic plane?

(A) The plane in which Earth’s equator lies
(B) The plane along which the Earth’s moon orbits
(C) The plane in which Earth’s orbit around the Sun lies
(D) The plane dividing the Earth’s northern and southern hemispheres

(C) The plane in which Earth’s orbit around the Sun lies
Explanation: The ecliptic plane is the imaginary plane that contains Earth’s orbit around the Sun. It is the basis for the apparent path of the Sun across the sky, and most planets in the solar system have orbits that are close to this plane.

49. Which of the following statements is incorrect with reference to our solar system model?

(A) The Sun has more than 99% of the mass of the solar system
(B) The planets account for more than 99% of the angular momentum
(C) The jovian planets account for more than 99% of the mass of the solar system
(D) Jupiter is the heaviest among the planets in our solar system

(C) The jovian planets account for more than 99% of the mass of the solar system
Explanation: According to our solar system model, the Sun has more than 99% of the mass of the solar system and the planets account for more than 99% of the angular momentum. Jupiter is the largest and heaviest among the planets.

50. What is the Kuiper Belt?

(A) A region of asteroids between Mars and Jupiter
(B) A ring of comets around the Sun
(C) A region of the solar system beyond Neptune
(D) The outermost layer of the Sun’s atmosphere

(C) A region of the solar system beyond Neptune
Explanation: The Kuiper Belt is a region of the solar system beyond Neptune, containing many small icy bodies and dwarf planets, including Pluto.

51. What causes a solar eclipse?

(A) The Earth blocking sunlight from reaching the Moon
(B) The Moon passing directly between the Earth and the Sun
(C) The Earth passing directly between the Moon and the Sun
(D) The Sun passing directly between the Earth and the Moon

(B) The Moon passing directly between the Earth and the Sun
Explanation: A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Earth and the Sun, casting a shadow on Earth and temporarily blocking the Sun’s light.

52. What is the Oort Cloud?

(A) A region of comets orbiting the Sun at a great distance
(B) A dense part of the asteroid belt
(C) The atmosphere of Neptune
(D) A cluster of stars near the Milky Way

(A) A region of comets orbiting the Sun at a great distance
Explanation: The Oort Cloud is a theoretical cloud of icy bodies that exist far beyond the orbit of Pluto, thought to be the source of long-period comets entering the inner solar system.

53. What is the asteroid belt?

(A) A region of space containing dwarf planets
(B) A zone of small rocky bodies between Mars and Jupiter
(C) A series of rings around Saturn
(D) The edge of the solar system

(B) A zone of small rocky bodies between Mars and Jupiter
Explanation: The asteroid belt is a region of space located between Mars and Jupiter that contains a large number of rocky bodies, ranging in size from small boulders to dwarf planets like Ceres.

54. What is the primary factor that determines whether an object in space is classified as a planet or a dwarf planet?

(A) Its ability to support life
(B) Its size relative to Earth
(C) Its ability to clear its orbit of other debris
(D) Its distance from the Sun

(C) Its ability to clear its orbit of other debris
Explanation: An object is classified as a planet if it has cleared its orbit of other debris, meaning it is gravitationally dominant in its region. Dwarf planets have not cleared their orbits.

55. What is the main difference between a comet and an asteroid?

(A) Comets are icy, and asteroids are rocky
(B) Comets are found only in the Kuiper Belt
(C) Asteroids have tails, and comets do not
(D) Comets orbit the Sun, while asteroids do not

(A) Comets are icy, and asteroids are rocky
Explanation: Comets are composed mainly of ice, dust, and rocky material, while asteroids are primarily rocky or metallic. Comets develop tails when they approach the Sun, whereas asteroids do not.

56. What is the heliosphere?

(A) The Sun’s outer atmosphere
(B) The boundary where the Sun’s solar wind is stopped by the interstellar medium
(C) The region between the Sun and the asteroid belt
(D) The Sun’s magnetic field

(B) The boundary where the Sun’s solar wind is stopped by the interstellar medium
Explanation: The heliosphere is a vast region around the Sun where the solar wind extends, creating a bubble in space. The edge of this bubble, where the solar wind meets the interstellar medium, is known as the heliopause.

57. What are the Galilean moons?

(A) The four largest moons of Neptune
(B) The four moons of Mars
(C) The four largest moons of Jupiter
(D) The four largest moons of Saturn

(C) The four largest moons of Jupiter
Explanation: The Galilean moons are the four largest moons of Jupiter—Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. They were discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610 and are some of the largest moons in the solar system.

58. Which among the statements is correct about solar and lunar eclipse?

(A) A solar eclipse occurs at night, and a lunar eclipse occurs during the day
(B) A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon blocks the Sun, and a lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon
(C) A solar eclipse only happens during a new moon, and a lunar eclipse only happens during a full moon
(D) A solar eclipse is more common than a lunar eclipse

(B) A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon blocks the Sun, and a lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon
Explanation: A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking the Sun’s light. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon, casting a shadow on the Moon.

59. Choose the incorrect statement from the options given below:

(A) The terrestrial planets have a solid, rocky composition but the jovian planets are largely gaseous
(B) The terrestrial planets resemble the Earth in size and density but the jovian planets are much larger than the earth and have much lower densities
(C) The terrestrial planets rotate about their own axis at the same rate or slower than the Earth but the jovian planets rotate more rapidly than the Earth
(D) Jupitar is a terrestrial planet, and Mars is a jovian planet

(D) Jupitar is a terrestrial planet, and Mars is a jovian planet
Explanation: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are terrestrial planets. Jupitar, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are jovian planets.

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2 Comments

Vasudevan says:
11 May 2024 at 22:37
in Solar system MCQ question No:6 doesn’t have correct answer.
Reply
1. Sanjay Mandal says:
  28 May 2024 at 12:13
  Thank you, Vasudevan, for your constructive response. It was a small typing mistake. Now, it is updated.
  Reply

Solar System Facts | 50+ Important MCQ On Our Solar System

41. What is the name of the largest moon of Saturn?

42. What is the largest asteroid in our solar system?

43. Which dwarf planet is located in the asteroid belt?

44. Which among of these is not a Galilean moons?

45. What is the approximate age of the solar system?

46. What is the average distance from the Earth to the Sun?

47. In which direction do planets revolve around the sun when viewed above the plane of Earth’s orbit?

48. What is the ecliptic plane?

49. Which of the following statements is incorrect with reference to our solar system model?

50. What is the Kuiper Belt?

51. What causes a solar eclipse?

52. What is the Oort Cloud?

53. What is the asteroid belt?

54. What is the primary factor that determines whether an object in space is classified as a planet or a dwarf planet?

55. What is the main difference between a comet and an asteroid?

56. What is the heliosphere?

57. What are the Galilean moons?

58. Which among the statements is correct about solar and lunar eclipse?

59. Choose the incorrect statement from the options given below:

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