(A) Jupiter Explanation: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. It is more than 11 times the diameter of Earth and has a mass more than 300 times that of Earth.

(B) Mercury Explanation: Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system, with a diameter of about 4,880 km. Although Pluto was once considered the smallest planet, it was reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006.

(C) Pluto Explanation: Pluto is classified as a "dwarf planet" in our solar system. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) redefined the definition of a planet, and Pluto did not meet the criteria, leading to its reclassification.

(A) Venus Explanation: Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system, with an average surface temperature of 864 degrees Fahrenheit (462 degrees Celsius). It has an extremely dense atmosphere that traps heat, creating a runaway greenhouse effect, making it hotter than Mercury despite being farther from the Sun.

(C) Mercury Explanation: Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, with an average distance of about 57.9 million kilo meters (36 million miles).

(D) Uranus Explanation: Uranus is the coldest planet in our solar system, with an average surface temperature of -374 degrees Fahrenheit (-224 degrees Celsius). The reason for the lesser temperature than the farthest planet Neptune is still unknown.

(A) Venus Explanation: Venus is the brightest planet in our solar system. It can be seen from Earth, shining brightly just before sunrise and just after sunset.

(C) Earth Explanation: Earth has the highest density among the planets in our solar system. Its high density is due to its rocky composition and a relatively large iron-nickel core.

(D) Mercury Explanation: Mercury has the shortest day in our solar system. It takes about 59 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis.

(B) Venus Explanation: Venus has the longest day of any planet in the solar system, taking about 243 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis, which is longer than its year (225 Earth days).

(C) Mars Explanation: Mars is referred to as the "Red Planet" due to its reddish appearance. The iron oxide (rust) present on its surface gives it a distinctive reddish colour.

(C) Earth Explanation: Earth is known as the "blue planet" because approximately 71% of its surface is covered by water, giving it a distinctive blue appearance when viewed from space. This is primarily due to the reflection and scattering of sunlight by Earth's oceans.

(B) Jupiter Explanation: Jupiter is known for its prominent Great Red Spot, which is a gigantic storm that has been observed for centuries. It is a persistent anticyclonic storm larger than Earth.

(D) Saturn Explanation: Saturn is known for its beautiful and prominent ring system, which is made up of countless particles of ice and dust. It is one of the most iconic features of Saturn.

(C) Uranus Explanation: Uranus is known for its prominent and colourful polar auroras. These auroras are caused by the interaction of charged particles with Uranus's magnetic field.

(C) Hydrogen Explanation: The Sun is primarily composed of hydrogen (about 75%), which undergoes nuclear fusion to form helium and release energy, powering the Sun.

(B) Nitrogen Explanation: Nitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant gas. Oxygen is the second most abundant, comprising about 21%.

(D) Hydrogen and helium Explanation: Jupiter's atmosphere is primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, similar to the Sun. These gases make up about 99% of its atmosphere.

(B) Venus Explanation: Venus is often referred to as Earth's "twin" because it is similar in size, mass, and composition. However, Venus has a much thicker atmosphere and extreme surface temperatures.

(C) Venus Explanation: Venus is often called both the "morning star" and the "evening star" because it is the brightest object in the sky after the Sun and Moon and can be seen shining brightly just before sunrise and just after sunset, depending on its position in its orbit around the Sun.

(C) Titan Explanation: Titan is the largest moon of Saturn and the second-largest moon in the solar system, larger even than the planet Mercury. It has a thick atmosphere primarily composed of nitrogen.

(A) Ceres Explanation: Ceres is the largest asteroid in our solar system. It is located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter and is classified as a dwarf planet.

(B) Ceres Explanation: Ceres is the largest object in the asteroid belt and is classified as a dwarf planet. It is the only dwarf planet located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

(A) Titan Explanation: The four largest moons of Jupiter—Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto are known as the Galilean moons as they were discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610 and are some of the largest moons in the solar system.

(B) 4.6 billion years Explanation: The solar system is approximately 4.6 billion years old, formed from the gravitational collapse of a region within a large molecular cloud.

(A) 93 million miles Explanation: The average distance from the Earth to the Sun is about 93 million miles (150 million kilo meters), also known as 1 Astronomical Unit (AU).

(B) Counterclockwise Explanation: All planets revolve around the Sun in a counterclockwise direction when viewed above the plane of Earth's orbit which is also known as the ecliptic plane.

(C) The plane in which Earth's orbit around the Sun lies Explanation: The ecliptic plane is the imaginary plane that contains Earth's orbit around the Sun. It is the basis for the apparent path of the Sun across the sky, and most planets in the solar system have orbits that are close to this plane.

(C) The jovian planets account for more than 99% of the mass of the solar system Explanation: According to our solar system model, the Sun has more than 99% of the mass of the solar system and the planets account for more than 99% of the angular momentum. Jupiter is the largest and heaviest among the planets.

(C) A region of the solar system beyond Neptune Explanation: The Kuiper Belt is a region of the solar system beyond Neptune, containing many small icy bodies and dwarf planets, including Pluto.

(B) The Moon passing directly between the Earth and the Sun Explanation: A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Earth and the Sun, casting a shadow on Earth and temporarily blocking the Sun's light.

Solar System Facts | 50+ Important MCQ On Our Solar System

21. Which planet is known for having the most extreme temperature variations?

(A) Venus
(B) Earth
(C) Mercury
(D) Mars

(C) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury experiences extreme temperature variations, with daytime temperatures reaching up to 800°F (430°C) and nighttime temperatures plummeting to -290°F (-180°C), due to its lack of atmosphere.

22. Which planet’s atmosphere is primarily composed of carbon dioxide?

(A) Earth
(B) Venus
(C) Neptune
(D) Jupiter

(B) Venus
Explanation: Venus’s atmosphere is primarily composed of carbon dioxide (about 96.5%), with clouds of sulfuric acid, making it extremely dense and hot.

23. Which planet has a day that is longer than its year?

(A) Earth
(B) Mercury
(C) Venus
(D) Mars

(C) Venus
Explanation: Venus has a day (one full rotation on its axis) that is longer than its year (one orbit around the Sun). A day on Venus lasts about 243 Earth days, while its year is about 225 Earth days.

24. Which planet exhibits different phases of illumination like the moon?

(A) Jupiter
(B) Venus
(C) Neptune
(D) Mars

(B) Venus
Explanation: Venus exhibits different phases of illumination, from full disk to partial crescent just like the moon.

25. Which planet is known for its prominent and colourful bands of clouds?

(A) Venus
(B) Saturn
(C) Uranus
(D) Neptune

(B) Saturn
Explanation: Saturn is known for its prominent and colourful bands of clouds. It has the most complex and extensive ring system in the solar system, consisting of seven main rings composed of ice particles, rock debris, and dust. These bands give Saturn its distinct appearance.

26. What is the main component of the rings of Saturn?

(A) Dust particles
(B) Frozen carbon dioxide
(C) Water ice
(D) Rocky debris

(C) Water ice
Explanation: The rings of Saturn are primarily composed of water ice, with particles ranging in size from tiny grains to large boulders.

27. Which planet has the most pronounced ring system after Saturn?

(A) Jupiter
(B) Uranus
(C) Neptune
(D) Mars

(B) Uranus
Explanation: Uranus has a ring system that is less prominent than Saturn’s but still significant. The rings of Uranus were discovered in 1977.

28. Which planet has the highest atmospheric pressure?

(A) Venus
(B) Saturn
(C) Mars
(D) Jupiter

(A) Venus
Explanation: Venus has the highest atmospheric pressure among the planets in our solar system. Its thick atmosphere exerts immense pressure on the planet’s surface.

29. Which planet has the fastest winds in the solar system?

(A) Jupiter
(B) Saturn
(C) Neptune
(D) Venus

(C) Neptune
Explanation: Neptune has the fastest winds in the solar system, with wind speeds reaching up to 1,200 miles per hour (1,930 kilo meters per hour).

30. Which planet has the largest known volcano in the solar system?

(A) Mars
(B) Earth
(C) Venus
(D) Mercury

(A) Mars
Explanation: Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system called Olympus Mons. It is about 13.6 miles (22 kilometers) high, making it the tallest volcano and three times the height of Mount Everest.

31. Which planet has the most volcanically active moon in our solar system?

(A) Jupiter
(B) Saturn
(C) Neptune
(D) Uranus

(A) Jupiter
Explanation: Io, the most volcanically active moon in our solar system, is one of Jupiter’s moons. It has more than 400 active volcanoes due to tidal forces from Jupiter’s gravity.

32. Which planet has the tallest known mountain in the solar system?

(A) Earth
(B) Venus
(C) Mars
(D) Jupiter

(C) Mars
Explanation: Olympus Mons on Mars is the tallest known mountain in the solar system, standing about 22 km (13.6 miles) high, nearly three times the height of Mount Everest.

33. Which planet has the largest canyon in the solar system?

(A) Earth
(B) Mars
(C) Venus
(D) Mercury

(B) Mars
Explanation: Mars is home to Valles Marineris, the largest canyon in the solar system. It is about 4,000 km long, 200 km wide, and up to 7 km deep.

34. Which among the planets in solar system is heaviest?

(A) Earth
(B) Venus
(C) Uranus
(D) Jupiter

(D) Jupiter
Explanation: Jupiter is the heaviest planet in our solar system, having a mass more than 300 times that of Earth.

35. Which among the planets in solar system seems to disobey Bode’s law?

(A) Earth
(B) Venus
(C) Uranus
(D) Neptune

(D) Neptune
Explanation: Bode’s empirical relationship for predicting approximate distances of the planets from the Sun does not holds for the planet Neptune.

36. Which among the planets is not a terrestrial planet?

(A) Earth
(B) Venus
(C) Mars
(D) Jupiter

(D) Jupiter
Explanation: The terrestrial planets are the planets that resemble the Earth in size and composition. Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are known as terrestrial planets.

37. Which among the planets is a Jovian planet?

(A) Earth
(B) Venus
(C) Saturn
(D) Mars

(C) Saturn
Explanation: The great or jovian planets are much larger than the size of Earth and are largely gaseous in composition. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are known as jovian planets.

38. Which among the planets in solar system show retrograde motion?

(A) Earth
(B) Venus
(C) Mercury
(D) Mars

(B) Venus
Explanation: Most of the planets, including our Earth, rotate about their own axis in the same sense as their orbital motion around the Sun. This type of motion is termed as prograde. Only Venus and Uranus rotate in the opposite, retrograde sense.

39. Which among the planets have no moon?

(A) Mars
(B) Mercury
(C) Neptune
(D) Jupiter

(B) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury and Venus are the only two planets in the solar system that do not have any moon.

40. What is the largest moon in our solar system?

(A) Titan
(B) Europa
(C) Callisto
(D) Ganymede

(D) Ganymede
Explanation: Ganymede is the largest moon in our solar system. It is one of Jupiter’s moons and is even larger than the planet Mercury.

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2 Comments

Vasudevan says:
11 May 2024 at 22:37
in Solar system MCQ question No:6 doesn’t have correct answer.
Reply
1. Sanjay Mandal says:
  28 May 2024 at 12:13
  Thank you, Vasudevan, for your constructive response. It was a small typing mistake. Now, it is updated.
  Reply

Solar System Facts | 50+ Important MCQ On Our Solar System

21. Which planet is known for having the most extreme temperature variations?

22. Which planet’s atmosphere is primarily composed of carbon dioxide?

23. Which planet has a day that is longer than its year?

24. Which planet exhibits different phases of illumination like the moon?

25. Which planet is known for its prominent and colourful bands of clouds?

26. What is the main component of the rings of Saturn?

27. Which planet has the most pronounced ring system after Saturn?

28. Which planet has the highest atmospheric pressure?

29. Which planet has the fastest winds in the solar system?

30. Which planet has the largest known volcano in the solar system?

31. Which planet has the most volcanically active moon in our solar system?

32. Which planet has the tallest known mountain in the solar system?

33. Which planet has the largest canyon in the solar system?

34. Which among the planets in solar system is heaviest?

35. Which among the planets in solar system seems to disobey Bode’s law?

36. Which among the planets is not a terrestrial planet?

37. Which among the planets is a Jovian planet?

38. Which among the planets in solar system show retrograde motion?

39. Which among the planets have no moon?

40. What is the largest moon in our solar system?

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