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(A) Sunlight Explanation: The Sun is the primary source of illumination for the Moon, causing its phases and lighting up its surface.

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(B) 384,400 kilometers Explanation: The average distance between the Earth and the Moon is approximately 384,400 kilometers.

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(C) Eclipse Explanation: Eclipse refers to the alignment of the Sun, Earth, and Moon, resulting in a solar or lunar eclipse, not a phase of the Moon itself.

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(A) Umbra Explanation: The umbra is the central, darkest part of a shadow during a lunar eclipse where the Earth completely blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon.

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(C) Oxygen Explanation: Oxygen is the most abundant element on the surface of the Moon, primarily in the form of oxides. The Oxygen content estimation is around 45% by weight.

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(D) Maria Explanation: Maria are large, dark, flat areas on the Moon's surface, primarily composed of basaltic lava flows.

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(D) Sun's position relative to the Moon Explanation: The Moon's phases result from the varying angles at which sunlight illuminates its surface as it orbits the Earth.

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(C) Anorthite Explanation: Anorthite, a calcium-rich feldspar, is believed to be abundant in the lunar highlands, contributing to their lighter colour.

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(B) Copernicus Explanation: Copernicus is a prominent lunar crater located on the Moon's near side, visible from Earth with the naked eye.

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(A) About one-third Explanation: The Moon's diameter is approximately one-third that of the Earth, making it significantly smaller in size.

Question 1

Answer

Accepted Answer

(A) Sunlight
Explanation: The Sun is the primary source of illumination for the Moon, causing its phases and lighting up its surface.

Question 2

Answer

Accepted Answer

(B) 384,400 kilometers
Explanation: The average distance between the Earth and the Moon is approximately 384,400 kilometers.

Question 3

Answer

Accepted Answer

(C) Eclipse
Explanation: Eclipse refers to the alignment of the Sun, Earth, and Moon, resulting in a solar or lunar eclipse, not a phase of the Moon itself.

Question 4

Answer

Accepted Answer

(A) Umbra
Explanation: The umbra is the central, darkest part of a shadow during a lunar eclipse where the Earth completely blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon.

Question 5

Answer

Accepted Answer

(C) Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is the most abundant element on the surface of the Moon, primarily in the form of oxides. The Oxygen content estimation is around 45% by weight.

Question 6

Answer

Accepted Answer

(D) Maria
Explanation: Maria are large, dark, flat areas on the Moon's surface, primarily composed of basaltic lava flows.

Question 7

Answer

Accepted Answer

(D) Sun's position relative to the Moon
Explanation: The Moon's phases result from the varying angles at which sunlight illuminates its surface as it orbits the Earth.

Question 8

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Accepted Answer

(C) Anorthite
Explanation: Anorthite, a calcium-rich feldspar, is believed to be abundant in the lunar highlands, contributing to their lighter colour.

Question 9

Answer

Accepted Answer

(B) Copernicus
Explanation: Copernicus is a prominent lunar crater located on the Moon's near side, visible from Earth with the naked eye.

Question 10

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Accepted Answer

(A) About one-third
Explanation: The Moon's diameter is approximately one-third that of the Earth, making it significantly smaller in size.

Question 11

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Accepted Answer

(A) Basalt
Explanation: Basalt is the predominant rock type found in the lunar maria, formed by ancient volcanic activity and lava flows.

Question 12

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(C) Giant impact hypothesis
Explanation: The giant impact hypothesis proposes that the Moon formed from the debris ejected during a collision between the early Earth and a Mars-sized body.

Question 13

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(A) 4.5 billion years ago
Explanation: It is believed that the giant impact event leading to the Moon's formation occurred approximately 4.5 billion years ago, not long after the formation of the Earth.

Question 14

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(A) Volcanic activity
Explanation: The lunar maria were formed by volcanic activity, which flooded large basins on the Moon's surface with basaltic lava flows.

Question 15

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(C) Meteorite impacts
Explanation: The lunar highlands were formed by meteorite impacts that excavated large basins and created rugged, cratered terrain.

Question 16

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(A) Neil Armstrong
Explanation: American astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first human to walk on the Moon at 02:56 GMT on 21 July 1969.

Question 17

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(B) Solar eclipse
Explanation: A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking sunlight from reaching certain areas on Earth.

Question 18

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(B) Supermoon
Explanation: A supermoon refers to the phenomenon when the Moon appears larger and brighter in the sky, often when it is at its closest point to Earth in its orbit.

Question 19

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(B) Full Moon
Explanation: A full moon occurs when the entire visible face of the Moon is illuminated by sunlight, as seen from Earth.

Question 20

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(A) Crater
Explanation: Craters on the Moon's surface are formed by the impact of meteoroids or asteroids, creating depressions of various sizes.

Question 21

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(A) Revolution
Explanation: Revolution refers to the movement of the Moon as it orbits around the Earth in approximately 27.3 days.

Question 22

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(B) New Moon
Explanation: A new moon occurs when the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun, with its illuminated side facing away from Earth.

Question 23

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(D) Earthshine
Explanation: Earthshine refers to the faint glow on the dark portion of the Moon during a lunar eclipse, caused by sunlight reflected off the Earth.

Question 24

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(C) Maria
Explanation: Maria are dark, flat plains on the Moon's surface, believed to be formed by ancient volcanic activity and lava flows.

Question 25

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Accepted Answer

(B) 29.5 days
Explanation: A lunar month, also known as a synodic month, is approximately 29.5 days, the time it takes for the Moon to complete one cycle of phases as seen from Earth.

Question 26

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Accepted Answer

(C) Giant impact theory
Explanation: The giant impact theory proposes that the Moon formed from the debris ejected when a Mars-sized object, called Theia, collided with the early Earth.

Category: Planetary Sciences

The Moon – Facts, Phases, Composition | MCQ on Earth’s Loyal Companion

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