The internal structure of the Earth is a fascinating topic that unveils the secrets hidden beneath our feet. Comprising four layers, the Earth’s structure consists of the solid outermost crust, followed by the semi-fluid upper mantle, the liquid outer core, and the solid inner core. Each layer plays a vital role in shaping our planet’s dynamics, from generating magnetic fields to driving plate tectonics. Scientists use seismic waves and other geophysical techniques to study these layers, gaining insights into Earth’s evolution and geologic processes. Understanding the internal structure of the earth is crucial for comprehending natural phenomena like earthquakes and volcanic activities.
Some important multiple-choice questions related to this topic are listed below. Try to answer these questions after reading enough in this topic. Also tie your answer with the given one. This practice may help you sharpen your preparation for any competitive exam along with increase your knowledge in this topic.
1. Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of solid iron and nickel?
(A) Crust
(B) Mantle
(C) Outer core
(D) Inner core
2. The lithosphere is composed of which two layers?
(A) Crust and upper mantle
(B) Outer core and inner core
(C) Mantle and lower mantle
(D) Crust and lower mantle
3. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for generating Earth’s magnetic field?
(A) Crust
(B) Mantle
(C) Outer core
(D) Inner core
4. The asthenosphere is a part of which layer of the Earth?
(A) Crust
(B) Mantle
(C) Outer core
(D) Inner core
5. Which type of seismic wave can travel through both solids and liquids?
(A) P-waves
(B) S-waves
(C) Surface waves
(D) Love waves
6. The Moho discontinuity marks the boundary between which two layers of the Earth?
(A) Crust and upper mantle
(B) Outer core and inner core
(C) Mantle and lower mantle
(D) Crust and lower mantle
7. The density of the Earth generally increases with depth. What is the primary reason for this increase?
(A) Decrease in temperature
(B) Increase in pressure
(C) Changes in chemical composition
(D) Expansion of rock materials
8. Which layer of the Earth is the thickest?
(A) Crust
(B) Mantle
(C) Outer core
(D) Inner core
9. The transition zone is a region located between which two layers of the Earth?
(A) Crust and upper mantle
(B) Outer core and inner core
(C) Upper mantle and lower mantle
(D) Crust and lower mantle
10. The Earth’s outermost layer is made up of:
(A) Solid rock
(B) Molten lava
(C) Loose soil and sediments
(D) All of the above
11. Which layer of the Earth is characterized by convection currents that drive plate tectonics?
(A) Crust
(B) Mantle
(C) Outer core
(D) Inner core
12. Which type of seismic wave is responsible for causing the most destruction during an earthquake?
(A) P-waves
(B) S-waves
(C) Surface waves
(D) Love waves
13. The Gutenberg discontinuity marks the boundary between which two layers of the Earth?
(A) Crust and upper mantle
(B) Outer core and inner core
(C) Mantle and lower mantle
(D) Upper mantle and lower mantle
14. Which layer of the Earth is composed mainly of silicate minerals rich in iron and magnesium?
(A) Crust
(B) Mantle
(C) Outer core
(D) Inner core
15. The Mohorovičić discontinuity is named after a scientist from which country?
(A) United States
(B) Russia
(C) Croatia
(D) France
