Seismology

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Quiz on Seismology

You have to face 10 multiple-choice questions each carrying 1 mark. Each question has only one correct answer out of 4 options. Answering all the questions is not mandatory. The quiz will be auto submitted after the timer stops.

Total no. of questions: 10
Full marks: 10
Time: 10 Minutes

1 / 10

What is a foreshock in earthquake seismology?

A) A smaller earthquake that precedes the main shock

B) A smaller earthquake that follows the main shock

C) A seismic event caused by volcanic activity

D) A secondary wave generated by the main shock

2 / 10

What do we call the process by which tectonic plates grind past each other horizontally?

A) Divergence

B) Subduction

C) Convergence

D) Transform faulting

3 / 10

How many major tectonic plates are there on Earth's surface?

A) 12

B) 4

C) 20

D) 7

4 / 10

What scale is commonly used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake?

A) Richter scale

B) Beaufort scale

C) Mercalli scale

D) Mohs scale

5 / 10

What is the main cause of tsunamis?

A) Volcanic eruptions

B) Landslides

C) Meteorite impacts

D) Underwater earthquakes

6 / 10

What does a higher magnitude on the Richter scale indicate about an earthquake?

A) It is closer to the Earth’s surface

B) It has a larger amplitude of seismic waves

C) It causes less damage

D) It has a longer duration

7 / 10

What is the primary purpose of a seismograph?

A) To detect and record seismic waves

B) To measure the Earth’s magnetic field

C) To measure atmospheric pressure

D) To forecast weather patterns

8 / 10

What type of boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other?

A) Subduction boundary

B) Transform boundary

C) Convergent boundary

D) Divergent boundary

9 / 10

What geological feature is commonly created at convergent plate boundaries due to subduction?

A) Trenches

B) Transform faults

C) Rift valleys

D) Mid-ocean ridges

10 / 10

Which type of boundary results in the collision and uplifting of crustal material?

A) Convergent boundary

B) Divergent boundary

C) Subduction boundary

D) Transform boundary

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Advanced Quiz on Seismology

You have to face 10 multiple-choice questions each carrying 1 mark. Each question has only one correct answer out of 4 options. Answering all the questions is not mandatory. The quiz will be auto submitted after the timer stops.

Total no. of questions: 10
Full marks: 10
Time: 10 Minutes

1 / 10

How do seismologists locate the epicentre of an earthquake?

A) By measuring the amplitude of surface waves

B) By calculating the duration of the earthquake

C) By triangulating data from three or more seismograph stations

D) By analysing the intensity of ground shaking

2 / 10

What is the name of the scale that measures the total energy released by an earthquake?

A) Moment magnitude scale

B) Mercalli scale

C) Richter scale

D) Fujita scale

3 / 10

What type of fault is created by tensional forces and results in the hanging wall moving downward relative to the footwall?

A) Transform fault

B) Reverse fault

C) Strike-slip fault

D) Normal fault

4 / 10

What does the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale measure?

A) The observed effects and damage caused by an earthquake

B) The magnitude of an earthquake

C) The duration of an earthquake

D) The energy released by an earthquake

5 / 10

How do seismologists use the time difference between the arrival of P-waves and S-waves to determine the distance to an earthquake’s epicentre?

A) By measuring the amplitude of the waves

B) By calculating the speed of sound in the Earth’s crust

C) By analysing the frequency of the waves

D) By triangulating the position using multiple seismographs

6 / 10

What is liquefaction, and when does it typically occur?

A) When a fault line becomes lubricated by underground water

B) When water-saturated sediments lose their strength and behave like a liquid during shaking

C) When solid rocks turn into liquid magma during an earthquake

D) When volcanic activity melts rocks near the Earth’s surface

7 / 10

What type of boundary is most likely to produce the largest earthquakes?

A) Divergent boundary

B) Convergent boundary

C) Transform boundary

D) Passive margin

8 / 10

How can earthquake magnitude and intensity be differentiated?

A) Magnitude is measured on the Mercalli scale; intensity is measured on the Richter scale

B) Magnitude measures the size of an earthquake; intensity measures the damage caused

C) Magnitude varies with location; intensity is constant

D) Magnitude is a subjective measure; intensity is objective

9 / 10

The Wilson Cycle explains the opening and closing of oceans over geological time. Which tectonic process is responsible for the closing of oceans?

A) Seafloor spreading

B) Mantle convection

C) Subduction

D) Continental drift

10 / 10

What is the main cause of aftershocks following a major earthquake?

A) Changes in atmospheric pressure

B) Sudden changes in the Earth’s magnetic field

C) Ongoing volcanic activity

D) The release of residual stress along the fault

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Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes and seismic waves that travel through the Earth. These waves are generated by sudden movements of the Earth’s crust, often caused by tectonic plate activity. Seismologists use sensitive instruments called seismometers to measure and record these vibrations. By analysing seismic data, they can locate earthquake epicentres, determine their magnitudes, and study the Earth’s internal structure. Seismology helps us understand natural hazards, improve building designs to withstand earthquakes, and develop early warning systems. It also provides insights into geological processes like volcanic activity and plate tectonics, helping us better understand our dynamic planet.

Seismology

What is a foreshock in earthquake seismology?

What scale is commonly used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake?

What is the main cause of tsunamis?

What does a higher magnitude on the Richter scale indicate about an earthquake?

What is the primary purpose of a seismograph?

What geological feature is commonly created at convergent plate boundaries due to subduction?

How do seismologists locate the epicentre of an earthquake?

What is the name of the scale that measures the total energy released by an earthquake?

What type of fault is created by tensional forces and results in the hanging wall moving downward relative to the footwall?

What does the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale measure?

How do seismologists use the time difference between the arrival of P-waves and S-waves to determine the distance to an earthquake’s epicentre?

What is liquefaction, and when does it typically occur?

What type of boundary is most likely to produce the largest earthquakes?

How can earthquake magnitude and intensity be differentiated?

What is the main cause of aftershocks following a major earthquake?

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