(C) Mercury Explanation: Mercury experiences extreme temperature variations, with daytime temperatures reaching up to 800°F (430°C) and nighttime temperatures plummeting to -290°F (-180°C), due to its lack of atmosphere.

(B) Venus Explanation: Venus's atmosphere is primarily composed of carbon dioxide (about 96.5%), with clouds of sulfuric acid, making it extremely dense and hot.

(C) Venus Explanation: Venus has a day (one full rotation on its axis) that is longer than its year (one orbit around the Sun). A day on Venus lasts about 243 Earth days, while its year is about 225 Earth days.

(B) Venus Explanation: Venus exhibits different phases of illumination, from full disk to partial crescent just like the moon.

(B) Saturn Explanation: Saturn is known for its prominent and colourful bands of clouds. It has the most complex and extensive ring system in the solar system, consisting of seven main rings composed of ice particles, rock debris, and dust. These bands give Saturn its distinct appearance.

(C) Water ice Explanation: The rings of Saturn are primarily composed of water ice, with particles ranging in size from tiny grains to large boulders.

(B) Uranus Explanation: Uranus has a ring system that is less prominent than Saturn's but still significant. The rings of Uranus were discovered in 1977.

(A) Venus Explanation: Venus has the highest atmospheric pressure among the planets in our solar system. Its thick atmosphere exerts immense pressure on the planet's surface.

(C) Neptune Explanation: Neptune has the fastest winds in the solar system, with wind speeds reaching up to 1,200 miles per hour (1,930 kilo meters per hour).

(A) Mars Explanation: Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system called Olympus Mons. It is about 13.6 miles (22 kilometers) high, making it the tallest volcano and three times the height of Mount Everest.

(A) Jupiter Explanation: Io, the most volcanically active moon in our solar system, is one of Jupiter's moons. It has more than 400 active volcanoes due to tidal forces from Jupiter's gravity.

(C) Mars Explanation: Olympus Mons on Mars is the tallest known mountain in the solar system, standing about 22 km (13.6 miles) high, nearly three times the height of Mount Everest.

(B) Mars Explanation: Mars is home to Valles Marineris, the largest canyon in the solar system. It is about 4,000 km long, 200 km wide, and up to 7 km deep.

(D) Jupiter Explanation: Jupiter is the heaviest planet in our solar system, having a mass more than 300 times that of Earth.

(D) Neptune Explanation: Bode's empirical relationship for predicting approximate distances of the planets from the Sun does not holds for the planet Neptune.

(D) Jupiter Explanation: The terrestrial planets are the planets that resemble the Earth in size and composition. Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are known as terrestrial planets.

(C) Saturn Explanation: The great or jovian planets are much larger than the size of Earth and are largely gaseous in composition. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are known as jovian planets.

(B) Venus Explanation: Most of the planets, including our Earth, rotate about their own axis in the same sense as their orbital motion around the Sun. This type of motion is termed as prograde. Only Venus and Uranus rotate in the opposite, retrograde sense.

(B) Mercury Explanation: Mercury and Venus are the only two planets in the solar system that do not have any moon.

(D) Ganymede Explanation: Ganymede is the largest moon in our solar system. It is one of Jupiter's moons and is even larger than the planet Mercury.

(C) Titan Explanation: Titan is the largest moon of Saturn and the second-largest moon in the solar system, larger even than the planet Mercury. It has a thick atmosphere primarily composed of nitrogen.

(A) Ceres Explanation: Ceres is the largest asteroid in our solar system. It is located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter and is classified as a dwarf planet.

(B) Ceres Explanation: Ceres is the largest object in the asteroid belt and is classified as a dwarf planet. It is the only dwarf planet located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

(A) Titan Explanation: The four largest moons of Jupiter—Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto are known as the Galilean moons as they were discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610 and are some of the largest moons in the solar system.

(B) 4.6 billion years Explanation: The solar system is approximately 4.6 billion years old, formed from the gravitational collapse of a region within a large molecular cloud.

(A) 93 million miles Explanation: The average distance from the Earth to the Sun is about 93 million miles (150 million kilo meters), also known as 1 Astronomical Unit (AU).

(B) Counterclockwise Explanation: All planets revolve around the Sun in a counterclockwise direction when viewed above the plane of Earth's orbit which is also known as the ecliptic plane.

(C) The plane in which Earth's orbit around the Sun lies Explanation: The ecliptic plane is the imaginary plane that contains Earth's orbit around the Sun. It is the basis for the apparent path of the Sun across the sky, and most planets in the solar system have orbits that are close to this plane.

(C) The jovian planets account for more than 99% of the mass of the solar system Explanation: According to our solar system model, the Sun has more than 99% of the mass of the solar system and the planets account for more than 99% of the angular momentum. Jupiter is the largest and heaviest among the planets.

(C) A region of the solar system beyond Neptune Explanation: The Kuiper Belt is a region of the solar system beyond Neptune, containing many small icy bodies and dwarf planets, including Pluto.

(B) The Moon passing directly between the Earth and the Sun Explanation: A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Earth and the Sun, casting a shadow on Earth and temporarily blocking the Sun's light.

Solar System Facts | 50+ Important MCQ On Our Solar System

Our solar system is a fascinating part of space with the Sun at its centre. Surrounding the Sun are eight planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune—each with unique features. The Earth is the only planet we know that supports life. The solar system also includes dwarf planets like Pluto, moons that orbit the planets, and smaller objects like asteroids and comets. Formed about 4.6 billion years ago, our solar system helps us understand how planets are made, the possibility of life beyond Earth, and where we fit in the universe.

Some important multiple-choice questions related to solar system facts are listed below. Try to answer these questions after reading enough in this topic. Also tie your answer with the given one. This practice may help you sharpen your preparation for any competitive exam along with increase your knowledge in this topic.

1. What is the largest planet in our solar system?

(A) Jupiter
(B) Saturn
(C) Earth
(D) Mars

(A) Jupiter
Explanation: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. It is more than 11 times the diameter of Earth and has a mass more than 300 times that of Earth.

2. What is the smallest planet in our solar system?

(A) Venus
(B) Mercury
(C) Mars
(D) Pluto

(B) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system, with a diameter of about 4,880 km. Although Pluto was once considered the smallest planet, it was reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006.

3. Which celestial body is classified as a “dwarf planet” in our solar system?

(A) Mars
(B) Venus
(C) Pluto
(D) Mercury

(C) Pluto
Explanation: Pluto is classified as a “dwarf planet” in our solar system. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) redefined the definition of a planet, and Pluto did not meet the criteria, leading to its reclassification.

4. What is the hottest planet in our solar system?

(A) Venus
(B) Uranus
(C) Earth
(D) Jupiter

(A) Venus
Explanation: Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system, with an average surface temperature of 864 degrees Fahrenheit (462 degrees Celsius). It has an extremely dense atmosphere that traps heat, creating a runaway greenhouse effect, making it hotter than Mercury despite being farther from the Sun.

5. Which planet is closest to the Sun?

(A) Venus
(B) Earth
(C) Mercury
(D) Mars

(C) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, with an average distance of about 57.9 million kilo meters (36 million miles).

6. What is the coldest planet in our solar system?

(A) Venus
(B) Earth
(C) Jupiter
(D) Uranus

(D) Uranus
Explanation: Uranus is the coldest planet in our solar system, with an average surface temperature of -374 degrees Fahrenheit (-224 degrees Celsius). The reason for the lesser temperature than the farthest planet Neptune is still unknown.

7. What is the brightest planet in our solar system?

(A) Venus
(B) Saturn
(C) Jupiter
(D) Earth

(A) Venus
Explanation: Venus is the brightest planet in our solar system. It can be seen from Earth, shining brightly just before sunrise and just after sunset.

8. Which planet has the highest density in our solar system?

(A) Saturn
(B) Uranus
(C) Earth
(D) Jupiter

(C) Earth
Explanation: Earth has the highest density among the planets in our solar system. Its high density is due to its rocky composition and a relatively large iron-nickel core.

9. Which planet has the shortest day?

(A) Jupiter
(B) Mars
(C) Saturn
(D) Mercury

(D) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury has the shortest day in our solar system. It takes about 59 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis.

10. Which planet has the longest day in the solar system?

(A) Earth
(B) Venus
(C) Mars
(D) Neptune

(B) Venus
Explanation: Venus has the longest day of any planet in the solar system, taking about 243 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis, which is longer than its year (225 Earth days).

11. Which planet is referred to as the “Red Planet”?

(A) Venus
(B) Mercury
(C) Mars
(D) Jupiter

(C) Mars
Explanation: Mars is referred to as the “Red Planet” due to its reddish appearance. The iron oxide (rust) present on its surface gives it a distinctive reddish colour.

12. Which planet is commonly known as the “blue planet”?

(A) Neptune
(B) Uranus
(C) Earth
(D) Mars

(C) Earth
Explanation: Earth is known as the “blue planet” because approximately 71% of its surface is covered by water, giving it a distinctive blue appearance when viewed from space. This is primarily due to the reflection and scattering of sunlight by Earth’s oceans.

13. Which planet is known for its prominent Great Red Spot?

(A) Saturn
(B) Jupiter
(C) Uranus
(D) Neptune

(B) Jupiter
Explanation: Jupiter is known for its prominent Great Red Spot, which is a gigantic storm that has been observed for centuries. It is a persistent anticyclonic storm larger than Earth.

14. Which planet is known for its prominent ring system?

(A) Venus
(B) Uranus
(C) Neptune
(D) Saturn

(D) Saturn
Explanation: Saturn is known for its beautiful and prominent ring system, which is made up of countless particles of ice and dust. It is one of the most iconic features of Saturn.

15. Which planet is known for its prominent and colourful polar auroras?

(A) Earth
(B) Venus
(C) Uranus
(D) Neptune

(C) Uranus
Explanation: Uranus is known for its prominent and colourful polar auroras. These auroras are caused by the interaction of charged particles with Uranus’s magnetic field.

16. What is the main component of the Sun?

(A) Oxygen
(B) Helium
(C) Hydrogen
(D) Carbon

(C) Hydrogen
Explanation: The Sun is primarily composed of hydrogen (about 75%), which undergoes nuclear fusion to form helium and release energy, powering the Sun.

17. What is the most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere?

(A) Oxygen
(B) Nitrogen
(C) Carbon dioxide
(D) Argon

(B) Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth’s atmosphere, making it the most abundant gas. Oxygen is the second most abundant, comprising about 21%.

18. What is the primary composition of Jupiter’s atmosphere?

(A) Carbon dioxide
(B) Oxygen
(C) Methane
(D) Hydrogen and helium

(D) Hydrogen and helium
Explanation: Jupiter’s atmosphere is primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, similar to the Sun. These gases make up about 99% of its atmosphere.

19. Which planet is often referred to as Earth’s twin?

(A) Mars
(B) Venus
(C) Mercury
(D) Neptune

(B) Venus
Explanation: Venus is often referred to as Earth’s “twin” because it is similar in size, mass, and composition. However, Venus has a much thicker atmosphere and extreme surface temperatures.

20. Which planet is often referred to as both the “morning star” and the “evening star”?

(A) Mars
(B) Mercury
(C) Venus
(D) Jupiter

(C) Venus
Explanation: Venus is often called both the “morning star” and the “evening star” because it is the brightest object in the sky after the Sun and Moon and can be seen shining brightly just before sunrise and just after sunset, depending on its position in its orbit around the Sun.

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2 Comments

Vasudevan says:
11 May 2024 at 22:37
in Solar system MCQ question No:6 doesn’t have correct answer.
Reply
1. Sanjay Mandal says:
  28 May 2024 at 12:13
  Thank you, Vasudevan, for your constructive response. It was a small typing mistake. Now, it is updated.
  Reply

Solar System Facts | 50+ Important MCQ On Our Solar System

1. What is the largest planet in our solar system?

2. What is the smallest planet in our solar system?

3. Which celestial body is classified as a “dwarf planet” in our solar system?

4. What is the hottest planet in our solar system?

5. Which planet is closest to the Sun?

6. What is the coldest planet in our solar system?

7. What is the brightest planet in our solar system?

8. Which planet has the highest density in our solar system?

9. Which planet has the shortest day?

10. Which planet has the longest day in the solar system?

11. Which planet is referred to as the “Red Planet”?

12. Which planet is commonly known as the “blue planet”?

13. Which planet is known for its prominent Great Red Spot?

14. Which planet is known for its prominent ring system?

15. Which planet is known for its prominent and colourful polar auroras?

16. What is the main component of the Sun?

17. What is the most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere?

18. What is the primary composition of Jupiter’s atmosphere?

19. Which planet is often referred to as Earth’s twin?

20. Which planet is often referred to as both the “morning star” and the “evening star”?

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